In many developing countries, legitimate companies of prominent families, some of whose members include government officials, have interests in the companies which are awarded multinational contracts to perform legitimate services.  Often the ownership of these companies is general public knowledge and the award of contracts is not necessarily done in secret.

Opaque company ownership structure for companies winning sizable and recurrent government contracts;

Family members of senior government officials holding ownership and management roles in a company;

Civil Society knowledge of government ownership of business entities;

Recurrent appearance of government officials at company headquarters;

Companies with monopolistic contracts.